| 백제 석조의 성격과 미륵신앙 |
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한정호 |
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동국대학교(경주) 부교수 |
| Stone Basin and Maitreya Worship in Baekje |
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Joung Ho Han |
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Associate Professor, Dongguk University (Gyeongju) |
Correspondence:
Joung Ho Han,
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Received: 16 March 2020 • Revised: 1 April 2020 • Accepted: 21 April 2020 |
| Abstract |
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The stone basins of Baekje resemble a bowl on a base stone, distinctive from rectangular shapes that were more common in other regions. They were generally assumed to have been water containers or stone troughs for lotus flowers. However, this study proposes that the Baekje stone basins represent the Buddha’s bowl in relation to the Maitreya worship. Their similarity in shape to the ancient metal bowls of Japan, and the four layers of decorative edges around the mouth of the stone basin at the Buyeo National Museum that are specific reference to the records of Buddha’s bowl as described in several Buddhist scriptures, support this proposition. The Buyeo Stone basin likely has its theoretical basis in Lianhua min jing, a Buddhist scripture translated into Chinese in 584, and was originally a set of two, like the examples found at Daetong-sa Temple site. This supposition leads to a new understanding of the part-inscription of the Tang’s Conquest of the Baekje Kingdom on the basin. It is probable that the other half was inscribed on the now-lost basin which formed a set with the Buyeo basin. In other words, the fact that only half of the Tang’s Conquest of the Baekje Kingdom was inscribed on the Buyeo basin proves that it was originally intended as a set of two.
In conclusion, the three stone basins that survive from Baekje—one from Gwanbuk-ri, Buyeo, and two from Daetong-sa Temple site in Gongju—are objects of worship that represented Buddha’s bowl, and are important historical documents as evidences of Maitreya worship and belief in the latter-day of the Dharma in Baekje. Moreover, it is also significant as a work of Buddhist art which proves that the worship of Buddha’s bowl and its artistic representation was introduced to Baekje from Ghandara in Peshawar region, India, albeit differences in the particularities of the belief. |
| Key Words:
Buddha’s Bowl, Baekje Stone Basin, Alms Bowl Pagoda, Daetong-sa Temple, Lianhua mian jing, Maitreya Worship, Stele of the Tang Empire’s Conquest of the Baekje Kingdom |
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